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In the liver, glutathione acts as a powerful antioxidant to remove toxins and free radicals and can boost the bodys immune system

2.4 Mitochondrial involvement and metabolic rewriting Mitochondria serve as key modulators of ferroptosis sensitivity through their roles in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, metabolic flux, and the maintenance of ironsulfur (FeS) clusters ( In IPF, alveolar epithelial cells exhibit disrupted mitochondrial dynamics and defective oxidative phosphorylation, which contribute to elevated mtROS production ( Additionally, mitochondria are crucial for the synthesis and maintenance of FeS clusters, which are essential cofactors for numerous redox enzymes

J Cardiovasc Pharmacol (2000) 35:S17.10.1097/00005344-200000004-00001 31 Man int VeldAJSchalekampMA

This activation leads to increased expression of ERS-related proteins (CHOP, LOX1, DR5), IL-6, C/EBP, and pSTAT3, further enhancing MDSC recognition and targeting of immune cells in the TME [357, 413, 414]