methylcobalamin b12 injection side effects Common & Rare of Vitamin Injections Why patients fight to protect

B-vitamins act as coenzymes in numerous metabolic pathways, including carbohydrate and fat metabolism, neurotransmitter production, and DNA synthesis

Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 4:831844 Maglione JE, Liu L, Neikrug AB, Poon T, Natarajan L, Calderon J, Avanzino JA, Corey-Bloom J, Palmer BW, Loredo JS, Ancoli-Israel S (2013) Actigraphy for the assessment of sleep measures in Parkinsons disease

GPs can prescribe B12 injections following appropriate investigation, which should include: Full blood count to identify macrocytic anaemia Serum B12 and folate levels to confirm deficiency (using laboratory-specific reference ranges) Methylmalonic acid and/or homocysteine when B12 results are borderline Intrinsic factor antibodies if pernicious anaemia is suspected Additional tests depending on clinical presentation (e.g., thyroid function, coeliac serology) When both B12 and folate deficiency are present, B12 should be replaced before folate to avoid precipitating subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord

Klein J, Wood J, Jaycox JR, Dhodapkar RM, Lu P, Gehlhausen JR, et al