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Mumtaz et al

Glossary 5-HT serotonin AMPs antimicrobial peptides BAs bile acids BMD bone mineral density BMSCs bone marrow stromal cells -OX -oxidation CREB cAMP response element-binding CTX-1 C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen DCA deoxycholic acid DC dendritic cell EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor ERK extracellular signal-regulated kinase FMT fecal microbiota transplantation FOS fructooligosaccharides FXR farnesoid X receptor Gclc glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit GIO glucocorticoid-induced OP GM gut microbiota GNS Gold nanospheres GPCRs G protein coupled receptors GOS galactooligosaccharides GSH glutathione HDAC histone deacetylase IGF-1 insulin-like growth factor-1 IL-6 interleukin-6 LCA lithocholic acid LPS Lipopolysaccharides MAMPs microbial-associated molecular patterns NF-B nuclear factor kappa-B NLRs nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors OP Osteoporosis OXPHOS oxidative phosphorylation OVX ovariectomy P1NP N-terminal propeptide PELNs Pueraria lobata PNEs propolis nanoemulsions PPAR- peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor PRRs pattern recognition receptors PTH parathyroid hormone RANKL Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-B Ligand RCT randomized controlled trial sBAs secondary bile acids SCFAs short chain fatty acids T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus TCA tricarboxylic acid TGF transforming growth factor TLR4 Toll-like receptor 4 TLRs Toll-like receptors TMAO Trimethylamine N-oxide TNF- tumor necrosis factor- UDCA ursodeoxycholic acid References 1 CoughlanTDockeryF

In the liver, the CoQ10 molecules are repackaged mostly into LDL and VLDL lipoproteins, the same lipoproteins that transport cholesterol (Bhagavan & Chopra 2006)

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