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In mouse models, loss of enzymes that modulate LDL oxidation increases atherosclerosis, and dietary antioxidants that reduce levels of oxLDL also inhibit atherosclerosis

Spinal cord injury induces permanent reprogramming of microglia into a disease-associated state which contributes to functional recovery

Mechanical stress and ECM binding enhance the IGF-1/IGF-1R signaling through recruiting integrins and integrin-associated downstream adaptor proteins to the IGF-1R (Tahimic et al., 2016)

In addition, apoptosis also plays a role in the development of brain tumors such as glioblastoma, and its defects may lead to the development of brain cancer, and the different morphological and biochemical characteristics of apoptosis pathways are closely related to the regulation of cell death (Lim et al., 2024)