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Nevertheless, DFOs clinical applicability is constrained by poor BBB penetration and non-oral administration route, prompting the development of modified delivery systems(e.g., DFO-gold nanoparticle conjugates, NCT05022472) currently under preclinical optimization

10.1155/2015/350348 Biomed

Combination therapy: Synergism among three plant extracts against selected pathogens

The more efficient conjugation of the QIs to GSH may have reduced covalent modification of cellular macromolecules, like ER proteins Grp78/Bip (Xu et al., 2015), microsomal GST (Weis et al., 1992), and PDI ( Although reactive QI formation has been associated with AQ-induced (cyto)toxicity in vitro (Tafazoli and OBrien, 2009) and in vivo (Shimizu et al., 2009), the exact cellular mechanisms and pathways of AQ-QI and DEAQ-QI toxicity remain poorly understood