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For instance, LXR, a nuclear receptor for oxysterols, represses the expression of CYP51A1 and farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 (FDFT1) in human HepG2 and HEK293 cells by binding to negative LXR response elements (nLXREs) in their promoters [39]

Kvasnovsky CL, Aujla U, Bjarnason I

2017;26:55867.e5

To acquire energy, FA activation is a must, where FAs are converted into acyl-CoA by the acyl-CoA synthetase on the outer mitochondrial membrane, followed by entering mitochondria with the assistance of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) on the outer mitochondrial membrane together with carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase (CACT) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 (CPT2) on the inner membrane [112]