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doi: 10.3390/MOLECULES201119654 276 LongXZhaoXWangWZhangYWangHLiuXet al

Irrespective of baseline GSH concentrations, individuals in the control group did not increase GSH levels

conducted a randomized double-blind crossover trial and found that acute oral supplementation of 1.5 g Phe prior to moderate-intensity aerobic exercise in healthy males led to a 12% reduction in the respiratory exchange ratio, alongside significant increases in plasma glycerol (79%) and glucagon (26%) ( In addition, the Phe-derived metabolite Lac-Phe has emerged as a critical mediator in exercise-induced appetite suppression

Future perspective With multiple proposed mechanisms for analgesic effect, future studies should focus on larger scale, randomized controlled trials to further describe both efficacy and safety in the acute perioperative patient