Dehydration has been found to aggravate many of the symptoms experienced by those with fibro
Risk factors that should prompt consideration of B12 deficiency include advancing age (reduced stomach acid production), strict vegan or vegetarian diets, pernicious anaemia, gastrointestinal surgery (particularly gastric bypass or ileal resection), long-term use of certain medications (metformin, proton pump inhibitors, H2-receptor antagonists), nitrous oxide exposure (including recreational use), and conditions affecting the gut such as Crohn's disease or coeliac disease
Conditions like celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, gastric surgeries, or chronic use of certain medications can reduce absorption from food and pills. If you have ongoing digestive issues, your provider may recommend a combination of gutsupporting strategiessuch as probiotics, a balanced diet, or targeted therapiesalong with B12, often using injections to bypass the digestive tract altogether
Furthermore, IGF-1 decreases mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) in Th17 cells, providing a cytoprotective effect