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(Notably, true iodine-deficiency hypothyroidism is uncommon in dogs on commercial diets, but can occur in homemade diets these cases are where kelp shines as a therapeutic addition.) Canine Digestive and Metabolic Health: A 2024 peer-reviewed study published in Algal Research examined the effects of adding a blend of seaweeds to dogs diets

used the rat pancreatic beta cell line Rin-5F to induce cell death via DM mimics, including high glucose, H 2 O 2 , and STZ, and reported that these factors accumulate ROS and iron, inactivate NRF2, and reduce the mitochondrial membrane potential, while treatment with Fer-1 mitigated these effects [87]

doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-27414-1 12