kinetics of cysteine incorporation in glutathione The transsulfuration pathway: a source for astrocytes | Amino Acids Cystine import is the rate-limiting

It is one of the most frequently mutated genes among all cancers

Jiang, N

Mitochondrial dysfunction and ROS production can damage the ER, triggering further stress responses ( 3.3 Lysosomal: iron release and autophagic regulation Lysosomes are key organelles for degradation, recycling, and metabolic regulation ( Lysosomes are central to iron metabolism through ferritin degradation ( 3.4 Lipid droplets: lipid storage and release in axis fueling Lipid droplets (LDs) are dynamic organelles storing neutral lipids, playing key roles in energy homeostasis and lipid metabolism ( LDs also modulate cellular redox status by sequestering ROS and providing a controlled environment for lipid peroxidation ( Notably, LDs cooperate with peroxisomes to regulate PUFA metabolism

Therefore, boosting astrocytic autophagy plasticity may be therapeutically relevant