bpc 157 safety evidence human studies review FDA's Of Peptides Signals A Growing Public Health Challenge 10 questions to ask your

They are not approved for human or veterinary use

The strongest evidence comes from the DIVINe clinical trial, in which people with diabetic nephropathy taking 1,000 g/day of cyanocobalamin (plus folic acid and B6) experienced significantly faster decline in kidney function than the placebo group over 36 months (5.8 mL/min/1.73 m greater decline, p=0.02

However, human safety data remains limited to anecdotal reports and Phase I/II trial abstracts that never reached full peer-reviewed publication

People with B12 deficiency, often due to diet or absorption issues, can benefit from these shots to quickly raise levels