glutathione increase platinum drugs Frontiers Role of Glutathione in the

In addition to glucose metabolism, metabolomics analysis showed an increase of glutamate, glutamine, and glycine metabolism in epSPCs isolated from G93A-SOD1 mice compared to controls at early disease stage

van der Put NM, Gabreels F, Stevens EM, Smeitink JA, Trijbels FJ, Eskes TK, et al

On the other hand, NAC shows stronger reactivity towards hypochlorite and nitrogen dioxide, partially explaining its direct antioxidant effects against exogenous factors like diet, air pollution, or certain inflammatory conditions (Meyer et al., 1994

In response to oxidative stress, neurons undergo overactivation of the enzyme poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1) to prevent DNA damage, which decreases intracellular NAD and ATP levels, compromising the efficiency of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, affecting the ability of neurons to generate ATP (200, 203)