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This antioxidant is crucial in cell regeneration processes, supporting the immune system, and participating in the repair of genetic material damage

(5) A significant limitation lies in the reliance on self-reported dietary habits and sleep traits, which may introduce recall bias and measurement inaccuracies

Specifically, when mitochondrial DNA leaks, it triggers the immune response, including interferon activation, as a danger signal from the damaged mitochondria.[ref] Some viral infections also trigger mitophagy, or mitochondrial destruction, which works to help the virus evade the immune response.[ref] Interleukin-2 is an inflammatory cytokine that plays an integral role in activating T cells, NK cells, and macrophages