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Penn D, Zhang L, Bobrowski PJ, Quinn M, McDonough KH: Carnitine deprivation adversely affects cardiac performance in the lipopolysaccharide- and hypoxia/reoxygenation-stressed piglet heart

Consistent with this, KEGG pathway analysis revealed downregulation of -oxidation in KO mice, accompanied by upregulation of glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, reflecting a systemic shift in fuel preference toward carbohydrates driven by carnitine depletion and impaired fatty acid oxidation

Carnitine deficiency impairs a variety of metabolic processes in the liver, including lipid metabolism, gluconeogenesis, ketogenesis, albumin biosynthesis, and ammonia detoxification in the urea cycle [201], and carnitine/acetylcarnitine supplementation can ameliorate a variety of liver diseases [202, 203]

Jan 2015;33(1):33-39