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In the absence of GPX4, the balance between the formation and reduction of lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH) is disrupted, leading to an imbalance in the cellular redox state

Although direct evidence is still needed, pharmacological modulation of autonomic balance (e.g., -adrenergic blockade), dietary manipulation of microbial substrates, or short-term probiotic or postbiotic interventions might reveal ENS-microbiota interactions

Figure 1 Through the interaction of polyphenols with gut microbiota, intestinal barrier function can be enhanced, and simultaneously, the richness and activity of the gut microbiota increase (41, 42)

For pharma, its a call to rethink lifecycle strategies and competitive positioning