microglia glutathione Redox imbalance and metabolism disruption drive neodymium - induced neurotoxicity in Frontiers | Microglia and Astrocyte

Oxidative imbalances (oxidative stress) in mitochondria promote the covalent modifications of lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids through enzymatic and non-enzymatic mechanisms

The former relies on the functional elongation RTC (E-RTC), whereas the latter depends on proofreading by nsp14

Isotope tracing revealed increased glucose uptake in ATP6AP1 KO cells, as indicated by an increased glucose 6-phosphate to glucose ratio and higher incorporation of m+1 and m+2 isotopologues into glycolytic intermediates

Drug release can be adjusted by changing the intensity, wavelength, and duration of light, which is conducive to meeting different therapeutic needs