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We utilized human lung fibroblasts because fibroblasts are the major interstitial cell within the alveolar unit that can synthesize and remodel the ECM and previous studies have demonstrated that GHK can induce ECM production in dermal fibroblasts [3234]

Administration of recombinant human EPO (rhEPO) has been shown to be effective in the reduction of inflammation and activation of the healing process in a wide variety of preclinical models as well as in patients

Enhanced ammonia clearance demonstrates preclinical proof-of-concept in reactivating T cells and restoring immunotherapy efficacy (235), though its therapeutic modulation faces practical barriers including tumor-specific delivery challenges and risks of disrupting systemic nitrogen balance

Continuous consumption of synthetic glutathione such as supplements may alert the human body to stop its own production of glutathione resulting in dependence on synthetic supplements